This guide explains how to prepare for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, including what to wear, what to tell your care team, how to manage anxiety, and what to expect during and after the exam. You will also learn why MRI safety screening matters and which questions are worth asking before your appointment.
What Is an MRI?
An MRI is a painless imaging test that uses strong magnets and radio waves to create detailed pictures of organs, bones, and soft tissues. Unlike some other imaging tests, MRI does not use radiation. Because the machine uses a powerful magnet, preparation focuses on safety, comfort, and helping the technologist obtain clear images.
Why Preparation Matters
Good preparation helps protect your safety, reduces the chance of delays, and makes the scan more comfortable. The MRI team needs to know about any metal in or on your body, certain medical conditions, and whether you may be pregnant. Clear instructions also help you avoid common problems, such as arriving with clothing that contains metal or feeling unprepared for the noise and closeness of the scanner.
Before Your Appointment
Follow Scheduling Instructions
Your imaging center will give you specific instructions based on the type of MRI you are having. Read them carefully and call the center if anything is unclear. Instructions may differ for scans of the brain, spine, abdomen, joints, or other areas. If you receive contrast material, you may need additional preparation or lab tests.
Review Your Medical History and Implants
Tell your care team about any implanted device or metal in your body. This includes pacemakers, defibrillators, cochlear implants, aneurysm clips, joint replacements, dental implants, surgical staples, shrapnel, and metal fragments. Some devices are MRI-safe, while others require special precautions or are not safe inside the scanner. Never assume a device is safe just because you have had an MRI before.
- Bring a list of your implants, surgeries, and medical conditions.
- Mention any recent metal injuries or metal fragments in the eyes or body.
- Tell the team about tattoos, permanent makeup, or body piercings, since some contain metal.
Discuss Medications and Allergies
Ask whether you should take your usual medications on the day of the scan. Most people can take regular medications unless their care team says otherwise. Tell the staff about allergies, especially any reaction to contrast material, iodine, or medications. Also mention kidney problems, since some contrast agents require extra precautions.
Ask About Contrast Material
Some MRI exams use a contrast agent to make certain tissues easier to see. Contrast is usually given through an intravenous line in the arm or hand. Ask your care team why contrast is being used, what to expect, and whether any lab work is needed beforehand. If you have had a reaction to contrast in the past, tell the staff before the appointment.
Plan for Food and Drink
Many MRI exams do not require fasting, but some do. For certain abdominal scans or if sedation will be used, you may be asked not to eat or drink for a set period. Follow the instructions you receive. Unless told otherwise, it is usually fine to take routine medications with a small sip of water.
Manage Anxiety and Claustrophobia
MRI scanners are enclosed, and the machine can be noisy. If you feel anxious in small spaces, tell your care team before the day of the scan. They may offer earplugs, headphones, music, a mirror, a hand signal to pause the exam, or a short break. Some people benefit from relaxation techniques, while others may need a mild sedative prescribed by their health care provider. Arrange for a ride home if sedation is used.
Choose Comfortable Clothing
Wear loose, comfortable clothing without metal zippers, buttons, snaps, underwire, or metallic threads. You may be asked to change into a gown. Avoid hairpins, jewelry, watches, glasses, and hearing aids unless the technologist says they are safe to wear. Remove body piercings and nail polish only if instructed.
Leave Metal and Valuables at Home
It is safest to leave jewelry, watches, credit cards, keys, phones, and other valuables at home. Metal objects can interfere with the scan and may pose a safety risk near the magnet. Lockers are often available, but reducing what you bring simplifies the process.
Arrange Support and Transportation
Most people can drive themselves home after an MRI. If you will receive sedation or feel very anxious, arrange for a responsible adult to drive you. For children or adults who need extra support, a caregiver may be able to stay nearby, depending on the facility’s policy.
The Day of Your MRI
Arrive Early and Check In
Arrive a little early to complete paperwork and screening forms. Bring a photo ID, insurance information, and any referral or order forms you were given. Allow extra time for questions and preparation.
Complete the Safety Screening Form
The screening form asks about implants, surgeries, metal exposure, pregnancy, and allergies. Answer every question honestly and ask for help if you do not understand something. The technologist will review the form with you before the scan.
Change and Remove Metal Items
You may be asked to change into a gown and remove all metal items. The technologist will give you a safe place for your belongings. If you have an implanted device, the team will follow a specific safety protocol.
Communicate During the Scan
You will be able to talk with the technologist through an intercom. Let them know if you feel uncomfortable, need a break, or have a concern. You may be given a squeeze ball or hand signal to use if you need help.
What Happens During the MRI
You will lie on a padded table that moves into the scanner. The technologist will position you carefully and may place a coil or pad over the area being scanned. The machine produces loud knocking or tapping sounds, so ear protection is usually provided. You will need to lie very still, and you may be asked to hold your breath for short periods. Most scans take between 15 and 60 minutes, though some take longer.
- Follow the technologist’s instructions about breathing and stillness.
- Use earplugs or headphones to reduce noise.
- Tell the team if you feel anxious, too warm, or uncomfortable.
After the MRI
Most people can return to normal activities right away. If you received contrast, you may be encouraged to drink fluids. If you had sedation, rest and have someone stay with you until the effects wear off. A radiologist will review the images and send a report to your ordering provider. Ask when and how you will receive results.
Special Considerations
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Tell the imaging team if you are pregnant or may be pregnant. MRI is often avoided during early pregnancy unless the benefits clearly outweigh the risks. If contrast is needed, discuss it with your health care provider. If you are breastfeeding and receive contrast, ask whether you need to pause breastfeeding or discard milk.
Children
Children may need extra time to feel comfortable. Explain the scan in simple terms, practice lying still, and bring a comfort item if allowed. Some children need sedation or anesthesia to complete the exam safely. Follow the facility’s instructions about eating, drinking, and aftercare.
Implanted Devices and Metal Fragments
Not all implants are safe for MRI. The technologist will check device records and may contact the manufacturer or your provider. If you have metal fragments in the eye or body, tell the team before the scan. In some cases, another imaging test may be recommended.
Questions to Ask Before Your Scan
- Do I need to fast or change my medications?
- Will contrast material be used, and why?
- Is my implanted device safe for MRI?
- Can I take something for anxiety?
- How long will the scan take, and when will I get results?
Recap and Next Steps
Preparing for an MRI is mostly about safety and comfort. Share your medical history and implant information, follow fasting or medication instructions, leave metal at home, and speak up about anxiety or claustrophobia. On the day of the scan, arrive early, complete the safety screening, and follow the technologist’s guidance. Afterward, most people resume normal activities quickly and wait for their provider to review the results. For more information on imaging tests and related health topics, explore the educational resources on this site.